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A | B
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K | L | M | N |
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A |
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B |
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AISLE |
that part of
the church which is parallel to the nave and divided from it by an
arcade. |
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BALUSTER |
a small pillar
or column, often of ornate outline, used in supporting handrails,
etc. |
AMBULATORY |
semi-circular
or polygonal aisle enclosing an apse, round which it is possible to
walk. |
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BALUSTRADE |
a series of
balusters forming a handrail or coping. |
APSE |
vaulted
semi-circular or polygonal end of a chancel or chapel. An apse
was the commonest way of terminating the east end of a Norman
nave or transept. |
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BARREL ROOF |
continuous round-arched vault.
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ARCADE |
a range of
arches supported on piers or columns, usually free-standing, but if
attached to a wall is a BLIND-ARCADE |
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BATTLEMENT |
a parapet with
a series of indentations, or crenellations, atop a wall, originally
for the purposes of defence, but latterly ornamental. |
ARCH |
a pointed or
rounded top to an opening in a wall, for a window, door, or as part
of an arcade. There are four types of arch: Norman, Pointed, Tudor
and Ogee. |
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BELL-COTE |
turret usually
on the west end of a church to carry a small number of bells. |
AUMBRY |
Recess or
cupboard, usually in the chancel, to hold sacred vessels for Mass or
Communion. |
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BOX-PEW |
a pew with a
high wooden enclosure. |
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C |
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D |
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CAMPANILE |
an isolated
bell tower |
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DEC. or
DECORATED |
the historical
division of English Gothic architecture covering the first half of
the 14th century, characterised by elaborate window tracery and naturalistic carving c 1250-1350 |
CANOPY |
ornamental
covering above an altar, pulpit, niche, etc. |
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DOOM |
painting of the Last Judgement often depicted on mediaeval walls, usually over the chancel arch. |
CAPITAL |
head of a
pillar or column. |
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DORMER (WINDOW) |
a window placed
in the sloping roof, over which itself has a small roof over. |
CHANCEL |
that part of
the east end of a church in which the altar is placed, a term
usually applied to the whole of a church east of the nave or the
crossing. |
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CHANCEL ARCH |
the arch at the
west end of the chancel. |
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CHANTRY
(CHAPEL) |
a chapel
attached to, or inside, a church, which was endowed by people for
the saying of Masses for the soul of the deceased, often the founder
of the church in question. |
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CLASSICAL |
used as the
term applying to Greek and Roman architecture, and to any subsequent
styles copying it. |
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CLERESTORY |
the upper
storey of the nave walls, usually pierced by windows. |
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COADE STONE |
artificial,
i.e., cast, stone made by Coade and Seely in London in the late 18th
and the early 19th centuries. |
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COLONNADE |
a range of
columns |
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COPING |
capping or
covering to a wall. |
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CORBEL |
a block of
stone projecting from a wall which acts as a support for some
horizontal feature, or for the vertical supports of a timbered roof. |
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CORBEL TABLE |
a series of
corbels, ocurring just below the eaves of a roof, either externally
or internally, often seen in Norman building work. (See
Kilpeck, Herefs.) |
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CROCKET |
small decorative leafy sculpture mainly used on the outer curve of arches in the 13th and 14th centuries |
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CROSSING |
the space at
the intersection of the nave, chancel and transepts, often
surmounted by a tower. |
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CRUCIFORM |
church plan in
the shape of a cross. |
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CRYPT |
underground
room, often, but not always, beneath the east end of a church. |
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CUPOLA |
a small,
usually square or circular, domed turret surmounting the roof,
usually containing a clock and/or a bell. |
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E |
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F |
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E. E. or EARLY
ENGLISH |
First phase of Gothic architecture dominant after Norman, characterised by the earliest pointed arches and simple lancet windows c1190-1250 |
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FAIENCE |
decorated and
glazed earthenware. |
EASTER
SEPULCHRE |
a recess with a
tomb-chest, usually in the wall of a church. The tomb-chest
received an effigy of Christ during the Easter celebrations. |
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FILLET |
narrow flat
band running down a shaft or along a roll moulding. |
EAVES |
the underneath
of the overhanging part of a roof. |
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FINIAL |
in Gothic
architecture the end of a pinnacle, gable or bench-end which often
is carved of otherwise formed into a a leaf or leaf-like form,
sometimes also into animals or other mythical features. |
EPITAPH |
an inscription
on a gravestone or hanging wall monument |
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ESCUTCHEON |
a shield for
armorial bearings. |
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G |
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H |
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GALLERY |
in church
architecture, the upper storey above an aisle, sometimes opened in
arches to the nave. |
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HATCHMENTS |
diamond shaped boards bearing a coat of arms of a deceased person |
GALLERY |
as a church
fitting, an upper floor to part of a church or chapel, usually at
the west end or along the north or south walls, and usually
supported on columns, which was used as additional seating, and/or
to provide space for the quire and/or the organ. |
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GOTHIC |
architecture which flourished from about the late 12th century until the English Reformation in 1540, characterised by the pointed arch. |
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GOTHIC REVIVAL |
rediscovery by the Victorians of mediaeval Gothic style |
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GOTHICK |
18th century fashion based upon a fanciful interpretation of mediaeval Gothic |
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GRISAILLE |
a term applied
to glass, describing the often grey or grey-like pattern (not
pictorial) associated with Cistercian requirements. |
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I |
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J |
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K |
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L |
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LANCET |
Narrow pointed window of the Early English period |
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M |
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N |
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OGEE RECUMBENT |
S-shaped curve forming arches and gables, a hallmark of the late Decorated period |
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PEDIMENT |
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PERPENDICULAR |
Final phase of Gothic architecture, characterised by large windows, flattened arches, impressive towers and fan vaulting c1350-1540 |
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PEW RENTING |
See
under West Grinstead, Sussex. |
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PISCINA |
recess with basin and drain for washing the sacred vessels |
Q |
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R |
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REREDOS |
wall or screen behind the altar, usually ornamented with painting or carving |
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RIB |
projecting feature of a vault which is sometimes ornamental, sometimes structural |
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ROOD |
cross or crucifix placed between the chancel and nave. A rood screen separates the two parts of a church and is often painted or carved |
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ROYAL ARMS |
arms of the monarch usually painted on wood or canvas which became compulsory in churches after the Reformation |
S |
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SANCTUARY |
most sacred part of the chapel, around the altar |
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TESTER |
also called a sounding board. Structure over a pulpit to direct sound forward |
SEDILIA |
recessed seats in the south wall of the chancel for the priest, deacon and sub-deacon |
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TRACERY |
ornamental stone ribs in the upper parts of windows and in circular windows;
stone ceiling formed like arches. |
STRING COURSE |
a horizontal band of projecting stonework on the surface of a wall |
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TYMPANUM |
space between the lintel and arch of a doorway or opening
Vault Stone |
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U |
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V |
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W |
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This
site has been constructed by, and remains the copyright of,
its authors,
Edwin and Sheila Macadam,
Shelwin, 30, Eynsham Road, Botley,
Oxford OX2 9BP
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July 2001 -
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